Farhan Alshammari1,
Arshad Hussain2 
,
Kashifullah Khan2,
Mukhtar Ansari2,
Norah Bandar Alshammary3,
Rahaf Saleh Alsaif4,
Adel Ahmed Alreshidi5,
Abdulaziz Salamah Alshammar6,
Bushra Alshammari7
For correspondence:- Arshad Hussain Email: ar.hussain@uoh.edu.sa Tel:+966-552976021
Accepted: : 6 April 2024 Published: 30 April 2024
Citation: Alshammari F, Hussain A, Khan K, Ansari M, Alshammary NB, Alsaif RS, et al. Diabetic self-care practice and quality of life among diabetes patients in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia. Trop J Pharm Res 2024; 23(4):715-721 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v23i4.6
© 2024 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..
Purpose: To determine the association between type 2 diabetic patients' adherence to self-care routines, medication use, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in Hail Region of Saudi Arabia. The sample population comprised 400 men and women diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, all above the age of 18 years. A modified Euro QoL-five-dimensional (EQ-5D) health questionnaire was utilized to evaluate self-care habits and their association with health-related quality of life.
Results: Participants' mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 53 ± 9.4 years, with 50.5 % being female. Non-adherence rates measured were 32.7 % for foot care, smoking (28.2 %), diet (28 %), insulin usage (26.2 %), exercise (23.2 %), and blood sugar monitoring (15.2 %). Mobility challenges were reported in 14.2 % of cases, 26.2 % self-care, 28.2 % everyday activities, 48.2 % pain or discomfort, and 28.2 % anxiety or depression. Significant associations occurred between poor foot care and mobility difficulties (58.2 %), impairment in everyday activities (53.7 %), and experiencing pain and discomfort (63.9 %) with p-values of 0.002, 0.003, and 0.03, respectively. Likewise, significant correlations (p < 0.05) exist between self-care (47.5 %), pain/discomfort (58.7 %), anxiety/depression (31.1 %), and non-adherence to exercise. Regression analysis indicated a positive correlation between respondents' EQ-5D index and oral hypoglycemic agent non-adherence (R2 = 0.25; p = 0.001). A significant relationship exists between EQ-5D index and smoking non-adherence after normalization (p = 0.003; 95 % CI: 0.0001 to 0.0001).
Conclusion: In Hail region of Saudi Arabia, the health-related quality of life for diabetics diminishes as self-care practices are neglected.
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