Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Sanggenon C inhibits proliferation of breast cancer cells and reduces HIF-1α/VEGF pathway activity under hypoxia conditions

Junyuan Qu¹, Jing Li¹, Yongqiang Ma² , Zhihui Wang³

¹Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province 030013, China; ²Department of Breast Radiotherapy, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province 030013, China; ³Department of Oncology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province 030001, China.

For correspondence:- Yongqiang Ma Email: mayongqiang1210@163.com Tel:+863514650414

Accepted: 30 July 2023 Published: 31 August 2023

Citation: Qu J, Li J, Ma Y, Wang Z. Sanggenon C inhibits proliferation of breast cancer cells and reduces HIF-1α/VEGF pathway activity under hypoxia conditions. Trop J Pharm Res 2023; 22(8):1553-1559 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v22i8.4

© 2023 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the function and mechanism of sanggenon C (SC) on breast cancer (BC) cells.

Methods: The effect of SC on malignant processes of BC was studied through cell counting kit-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, Transwell, wound-healing and western blot experiments. Besides, the related mechanism of action was explored using western blot assay.

Results: SC reduced the cell viability of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells with half-maximal concentration of (IC₅₀) value of 17.09 and 17.32 µM, respectively. SC also decreased the area ratio of colonies in the plate, but increased the apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest in both cell lines. Furthermore, SC decreased the number of invasion cells, but elevated the relative wound width of both cells. Moreover, SC treatment neutralized the hypoxia-induced level of HIF-1α/VEGF signaling.

Conclusion: SC suppresses proliferation, mobility and invasion, but induces apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest in BC cells, as well as deceased HIF-1α/VEGF pathway activity under hypoxia conditions. The findings of this study reveal that SC is a potential agent for BC management.

Keywords: Breast cancer, Sanggenon C, Cell proliferation, Cell cycle arrest, Cell migration and invasion, HIF-1?/VEGF, G0/G1 phase arrest