Azma Rosida¹ , Nia Kania², Mohammad Rudiansyah³, Fujiati⁴, Triawanti⁴, Ika K Oktaviyanti², Roselina Panghiyangani⁵, Nur Arfian⁶

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the protective effects of Garcinia forbesii King leaf extract against renal tubular injury induced by Renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) and to assess its association with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, including interleukin-18 (IL-18), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Methods: Male Wistar rats were subjected to renal IRI and treated with Garcinia forbesii King leaf extract at doses of 2.5, 25, and 250 mg/kg. Renal IL-18 levels, SOD2 expression, serum MDA levels, and histopathological tubular injury scores were evaluated. Results: Renal IL-18 levels were significantly increased in IRI group compared with the sham-operated group. Treatment with Garcinia forbesii King leaf extract at doses of 25 and 250 mg/kg significantly reduced renal IL-18 levels. The medium dose (25 mg/kg) significantly increased renal SOD2 expression and reduced serum MDA levels. Histopathological analysis showed that low- and medium-dose treatments attenuated renal tubular injury, whereas the high dose did not provide additional histological protection. Conclusion: Garcinia forbesii King leaf extract exerts nephroprotective effects against IRI-induced renal injury, likely through modulation of inflammatory responses and oxidative stress.