Sheima Nadim Kadhim¹ , Nadheerah Falih Neamah¹, Muntadher Luay Abdulsahib², Ahmed Jalal Yousif³, Bassad Salim Mahmood¹

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of metformin monotherapy against sitagliptin-metformin combination on blood pressure, glucose metabolism, renal function, and lipid profile. Methods: Three separate groups of 150 participants each were assigned at random and equally. Group 1 served as the control. Group 2 received metformin, then group 3 received sitagliptin with metformin. Biochemical and physiological parameters, including HbA1c, fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood pressure, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn), lipid profile, blood urea (BU), and serum creatinine (Cr), were measured and recorded. Results: Groups 1 and 2 showed significantly higher HbA1c and FBS related to control group (p < 0.05), although group 2 had higher FBS levels. Group 2 had significantly higher systolic blood pressure and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) in comparison to control (p < 0.05), whereas group 2 demonstrated lower high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) and systolic pressure values. Despite total cholesterol was relatively higher in group 1, the lipid profile assessment revealed just modest, non-significant variations. In both groups 1 and 2, renal function parameters exhibited considerably diminished BU and Cr, suggesting possible nephroprotective effects. Conclusion: In comparison to metformin alone, a combination of sitagliptin and metformin optimises the regulation of cardiovascular and renal indicators.