Ijeoma L Okonkwo¹, Okikioluwa S Aladeyelu² , Azuoma L Asomugha³, Mavuto Gondwe²

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of aqueous leaf extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum on haematological indices, biochemical parameters, and kidney histology using female Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups of five animals per group. Group A received 100 mg/kg, Group B 200 mg/kg, Group C 400 mg/kg of the extract and Group D (control) received feed and water ad libitum; all via the oral route. The animals were housed in clean, well-ventilated cages that provided sufficient lighting for the duration of the experiment. Results: Findings revealed no significant differences in biochemical and haematological indices across the experimental groups and the control. Histological findings showed alterations in the microscopic architecture of the kidney, ranging from crescent-shaped glomeruli seen in Group A animals to glomerular atrophy in Group B and thrombosed glomerular vessels, haemorrhage, and interstitial oedema seen in Group C animals. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that consumption of aqueous extract of B. pinnatum may have compromised the microarchitecture of the kidneys of Wistar rats. Hence, excessive and/or unregulated consumption of B. pinnatum extract is not totally safe in rats and should be closely monitored.