Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

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Original Research Article

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Burns Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan

Bashir Ahmad¹, Farmanullah Khan^1,2, Jawad Ahmed³, Seung Bin Cha², Min-Kyoung Shin³, Shumaila Bashir⁴ and Han Sang Yoo²*

¹Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan, ²Departments of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University 151-742, Korea, ³Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, ⁴Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan

*For correspondence: Email: yoohs@snu.ac.kr; Tel: +82 2 8801263; Fax: +82 2 8742738

Received: 24 February 2014 Revised accepted: 15 October 2014

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, December 2014; 13(12): 2091-2099

http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v13i12.21

Abstract

Purpose: To develop strategies for the control of hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) which is a serious threat to burns patients with the aid of molecular studies.

Methods: Staphylococcus aureus strains were collected from the Burns Unit of Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH) Peshawar, Pakistan from July - December 2011. Antibiotic resistance was determined according to the recommendations of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Molecular epidemiology of the S. aureus strains were determined by pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Results: PFGE identified 14 clusters which included 29 different pulso-types prevailing in the Burns Unit. Of the 29 types, 11 contained two or more strains of the same pulso-type. These MRSA isolates were highly resistant to various kinds of penicillin and cephalosporin (85 – 100 %). Among the important anti-staphylococal agents tested, 17 % of the isolates were resistant to fusidic acid and linezolid. All the 54 strains were susceptible to vancomycin.

Conclusion: Several of the same pulso-types prevail in the Burns Unit of KTH. Furthermore, 29 pulso-types among the 54 strains suggest the diversity of the MRSA strains collected from burns patients.

Keywords: Epidemiology, Pulso-type, Fusidic acid, Linezolid, Vancomycin, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Burns