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Original Research Article
Antidiuretic Activity of
the Methanol Extract of Aporusa lindleyana Wight (Euphorbiacea)
Baillon in Rats
Susantha K Ganegamage1,
Thusitha U Abeytunga1 and Wanigasekara D
Ratnasooriya2*
1Department of Chemistry,
2Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science,
University of Colombo, PO Box 1490, Colombo, Sri Lanka
*For correspondence:
Email:
wdr@zoology.cmb.ac.lk; Tel:
+94112503399
Received: 18 October 2013
Revised accepted: 7 April
2014
Tropical
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, July 2014;
13(7): 1099-1105
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v13i7.13
Abstract
Purpose: To
determine the diuretic activity of Aporusa lindleyana in
rats following its claimed use in Sri Lankan traditional
medicine.
Methods:
Three doses (500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg) of the methanol
extract (ME) of Aporusa lindleyana (Leaf and bark in 5:1
ratio) were orally administered to female, adult Sprague
Dawley rats. Furosemide, vasopressin (antidiuretic
hormone) and distilled water were used as diuretic
reference, antidiuretic reference and control,
respectively. Urine output was recorded up to 6 h at
hourly intervals. To investigate the mode of action, pH,
specific gravity, conductivity, total dissolve solids,
Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+,
leucocytes, nitrite, urobilinogen, protein, blood,
ketones, bilirubin and glucose were tested in the urine
of 500 mg/kg treated and control rats. Six hours later,
serum electrolyte levels (Na+, K+,
Ca2+ and Mg2+) were evaluated.
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was also determined in
terms of creatinine clearance. Overt toxicity,
hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and a phytochemical
studies were conducted.
Results:
Significant (p < 0.05) reduction of urine output (by 45
%) and aldosterone secretion index (Na+/K+)
were observed while sodium (by 38 %) and potassium (by
114 %) levels were increased significantly (p < 0.05).
GFR was not changed significantly (p > 0.05). Further,
the methanol extract (leaf/bark in 5:1 ratio) was
non-toxic in terms of overt signs of toxicity, serum
alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate
aminotransferase (AST), urea and creatinine levels.
Phytochemical evaluation revealed the presence of
alkaloids, unsaturated sterols, unsaturated terpenes,
unsaturated lactones, lucocyanins, tannins and
polyphenols and cyanogenic glycosides.
Conclusion: The methanol extract of Aporusa lindleyana
has moderate and safe oral antidiuretic activity.
Keywords: Aporusa lindleyana, Antidiuretic, Diuretic,
Toxicity, Phytochemicals, Sri Lankan traditional
medicine. |
