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Original Research Article
In vitro Antimicrobial and
Antibiofilm Activity of Artocarpus Lakoocha (Moraceae)
Extract against Some Oral Pathogens
Rawee Teanpaisan1*,
Sukunlaya Senapong1 and Jindaporn
Puripattanavong2
1Common Oral Diseases and
Epidemiology Research Center and the Department of
Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, 2Department
of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University,
Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand
*For correspondence:
Email:
rawee.t@psu.ac.th; Tel: +66 74
429878; Fax: +66 74 212922
Received: 24 April 2014
Revised accepted: 19 June
2014
Tropical
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, July 2014;
13(7): 1149-1155
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v13i7.20
Abstract
Purpose: To
evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of
A. lakoocha extract against oral pathogens by an in
vitro method.
Methods: The
dried powder of the aqueous extract of A. lakoocha was
purchased from a Thai traditional drug store.
Representative strains of oral pathogens (Streptococcus
mutans ATCC 25175, Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 33478,
Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433, Lactobacillus
fermentum ATCC 14931, Lactobacillus salivarius ATCC
11741, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 33384,
Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277, Prevotella
intermedia ATCC 25611, Prevotella nigrescens ATCC 25261,
Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586 and Tanerella
forsythia ATCC 43037) were tested for minimal inhibitory
concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal
concentration (MBC) using a microdilution technique, as
well as by a time kill assay. Antibiofilm activity was
investigated by a 3-[4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,
5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium-bromide (MTT) assay.
Results: All
tested strains were susceptible to A. lakoocha extract
with variable degrees of antimicrobial inhibition. The
extract was effective against both Gram-negative
bacteria (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans,
Porphyromonas gingivalis) and Gram-positive bacteria
(Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus), with MIC
ranging from 0.10 – 0.39 mg/ml and MBC from 0.10 – 3.12
mg/ml. Killing activity depended on time and
concentrations of the extract. The extract acted as a
potent antibiofilm agent with dual actions, preventing
biofilm formation and also eradicating the existing
biofilm.
Conclusion: A. lakoocha
extract possesses compounds with good antimicrobial
properties that may be used for oral infectious diseases
caused by certain oral pathogens associated with dental
caries and/or periodontal diseases. For the application,
A. lakoocha extract may be incorporated in mouthwash or
toothpaste.
Keywords: Artocarpus lakoocha, Antimicrobial, Biofilm,
Dental caries, Periodontal diseases, Time-kill assay |
