Original Research Article

In-vitro Antimicrobial and Antitumor Activities of Stevia Rebaudiana (Asteraceae) Leaf Extracts

Sathishkumar Jayaraman^*, Muthu Saravanan Manoharan, Seethalakshmi Illanchezian

Life Teck Research Centre, Vadapalani, Chennai – 600026, India

*Corresponding author: E-mail: jsathishkumar85@gmail.com  Tel : +91 97101 68939.

Received: 02 July 2008                                                                          Revised accepted: 26 August 2008            

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the antimicrobial and antitumor activities of Stevia rebaudiana (Asteraceae) leaf extracts.

Methods: Four solvent extracts (ethyl acetate, acetone, chloroform and water) of Stevia rebaudiana leaves were investigated against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio cholerae by using agar well diffusion method. Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton species were used to test anti-yeast and antifungal activity. The cytotoxic effects of the extracts on Vero and HEp2 cells were assayed using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide [MTT].

Results: Among the four extracts tested, acetone extract had effective antibacterial potential, followed by ethyl acetate extract. The acetone extract showed greater activity against Gram-positive than against Gram-negative organisms. All the extracts were active against Epidermophyton species and Candida albicans. The 1:8 dilution of the acetone extract was non-toxic to normal cells and also had both anticancer and anti-proliferative activities against cancerous cells.

Conclusion: The study confirms the antimicrobial and antitumor activities of Stevia rebaudiana leaves extracted using various solvents, and is therefore, a potential drug that requires further studies and development.