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Research Article

 

Radioprotective and In-Vitro Cytotoxic Sapogenin from Euphorbia neriifolia (Euphorbiaceae) Leaf

 

Papiya Bigoniya*1 and Avtar Chand Rana2

1Radharaman College of Pharmacy, Radharaman Group of Institutes, Ratibad, Bhopal, M.P. 462002, 

2B.N College of Pharmacy, B.N Group of Colleges, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.

*Corresponding author:  E-mail: p_bigoniya2@hotmail.com Tel: +91-0755-2477941 (Res), 0755-2896237 (Inst); Fax: +91-0755-2896663

 

Received: 25 June 2009                                                                                 Revised accepted: 11September 2009

 

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, December 2009; 8(6): 521-530

 

Abstract

 

Purpose: Euphorbia neriifolia Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) plant is traditionally used in the treatment of abdominal troubles, bronchitis, tumours, leucoderma, piles, inflammation, and enlargement of spleen. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer activities of a sapogenin isolate of this plant.

Methods: Euphol was isolated as a major constituent from the triterpenoidal sapogenin fraction of E. neriifolia leaf. Its in-vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by reducing power assay, 1,1 – diphenyl –2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, as well as hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging activities. Radioprotective activity was assessed against radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations and cytotoxicity on murine F1 B16 melanoma.

Results: The sapogenin exerted moderate antioxidant activity with highly significant (p < 0.001) reduction of gamma radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations (33.5 % compared to 71.5 % for radiation treatment alone at 4 Gy). It also exhibited cytotoxic activity on melanoma cell lines (IC50 = 173.78 mg/ml).

Conclusion: The sapogenin fraction showed antioxidant, radioprotective and cytotoxic activities. This study provides a scientific basis for the claimed traditional anticarcinogenic potentials of E. neriifolia.

 

Keywords: Euphorbia neriifolia; Euphol; Sapogenin; Antioxidant; Radioprotective; Melanoma; Chromosomal aberration

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